Exploring Myths, Contemporary Medicine, and Medieval Magic in the Island of Kos
Kos, a picturesque island in Greece, is rich in history and culture, offering visitors a chance to step back in time. Here are some of the top historical sites to visit in this fascinating destination.
The Asklepion
The Asklepion, a famous ancient healing center, is one of Kos's major archaeological attractions. Dedicated to Asclepius, the god of medicine and healing, this site offers a unique insight into the ancient practice of medicine.
Roman Odeon of Kos
The Roman Odeon, a second-century amphitheatre in Kos's capital, is centrally located and hosts a regular programme of cultural performances. The best seats in the house are in the first nine rows, which feature original marble dating back to the amphitheatre's construction.
Ancient Agora
The Ancient Agora, located near the harbor, features remains of temples, a large market, Roman villas, Christian/Byzantine churches, and the Casa Romana museum. A visit here provides a glimpse into the daily life of ancient Kos.
Castle of the Knights
The Castle of the Knights, a medieval fortress guarding the harbor, offers uninterrupted views of the Aegean Sea to the south. Built by the Knights Hospitaller of St John in the late Middle Ages, this fortress was a strategic stronghold during the Ottoman attacks in 1457.
Western Archaeological Zone
The Western Archaeological Zone holds extensive ruins from the Hellenistic and Roman eras. This area, located a short distance from Kos Town, is a must-visit for history enthusiasts.
Palio Pyli and Casa Romana
Palio Pyli, an 11th-century fortified settlement located 10.3 miles west of Kos town, is home to Casa Romana. This Pompeian-style villa, dating from between the late second and early third century, is a five-minute walk east of the theatre. Admission to Casa Romana costs €6 (£5.10) and includes access to an on-site archaeological museum featuring intact Hellenistic era treasures.
Accessing these sites
Most of these historical sites are located near or within Kos Town, making them easily accessible by foot or local bus from central accommodations. The Asklepion, the Castle of the Knights, the Ancient Agora, and the Roman Odeon are all centrally located and typically walkable. The Asklepion site is about 4 km from Kos Town center, reachable by taxi, local bus, or bike.
A private tour with a licensed tour guide can be booked to visit the Asclepieion of Kos and other sites, ensuring a comprehensive and informative experience.
In addition to these sites, the Castle of Antimacheia, a medieval fortress located 14.9 miles west of Kos town, is another fascinating historical destination. The Ottomans attacked the Castle of Antimacheia in 1457, but the Knights and citizens successfully defended it for 23 days. The reinforced walls of the Castle of Antimacheia are a notable sight, featuring a marble-engraved Knights symbol at the semicircular-shaped bastion near the castle entrance.
The church of Panagia Kastriani Monastery, established by Monk Christodoulos Latrinos of Patmos in 1080, is another historical gem in Kos. Only a humble stone-built church remains, decorated with faded yet exquisite frescoes, some thought to date back to the 11th century. The church's feast day is celebrated on 2 February every year, offering a rare opportunity to view the church's interior.
Admission to the Asclepieion of Kos costs €15 (£12.75) and allows a maximum one-hour visit. Admission is free for children up to 18 years of age. Entrance to the Castle of Antimacheia is free, and the site offers a glimpse into the island's rich history and the resilience of its people.
In conclusion, Kos, Greece, is a treasure trove of historical sites waiting to be explored. Whether you're a history buff or simply interested in learning more about ancient civilizations, Kos offers a fascinating journey through time.
The history of Kos is vividly depicted through its ancient sites such as the Asklepion, a renowned healing center dedicated to the god of medicine, and the Roman Odeon, an amphitheater hosting cultural performances in the capital. Exploring the urban landscape, one can discover the Ancient Agora, featuring remnants of temples, markets, villas, and churches, offering a glimpse into daily life in ancient Kos.
For those eager to delve deeper into the island's rich past, a visit to the Western Archaeological Zone, holding ruins from the Hellenistic and Roman eras, is essential. Beyond Kos Town, the Castle of Antimacheia, a medieval fortress that withstood the attacks of the Ottomans, and the Panagia Kastriani Monastery, established in 1080, stand as testaments to the island's resilient history.
